You're not going to match what's possible on computers these days in the digital realm. That's not to say someone couldn't build some insane hardware dedicated to replicating all the parameters with knobs; just that it would be somewhat unpractical doing so. I've learned to come to terms with working in-the-box for certain needs even though I like many here prefer the tactile nature of hardware synthesis. I'd be first in line for some chimera, albeit I think time would be better spent searching for unicorns.
While there's no contesting that a 4C/8T Intel-Core i7 is a fairly powerful processor for audio synthesis purposes, in practice the resource contention within the desktop OSes themselves (Linux included) has a tendency to get in the way of solid real-time performance. There are certainly better alternatives out there for audio, of course, though you lose the benefits of a developer ecosystem as you tend toward more highly-optimized environments.
Lacking specialized hardware, the typical desktop / laptop PC with a native audio engine just doesn't deliver the goods in terms of latency–nor do tablet / handheld devices. It's just not what they were designed / optimized for.
Back to the topic at hand:
the responsiveness of a modern, DSP-based hybrid polysynth such as the Prophet-12 is really quite hard to beat, compared to a USB MIDI controller and a desktop PC.P.S. Older digital gear certainly suffers from the same problem of latency, though the 68K CPU in my Prophet-2000 is significantly slower than the embedded microcontroller in my dishwasher, for what it's worth....